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Ecological ethics
Valentová, Kristýna ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
The issue of ecological ethics has often been discussed because it is important for the development of further generations. Nature and culture are not at the same level, yet culture is subordinate to nature. Because of human influence, the harmony of nature is endangered and we live in an ecological crisis. This master's thesis compares the opinions of experts in Czech environment who perceive the ecological ethics, collisions of nature and culture and environmental sphere from the point of philosophy. In the first part, there is a theoretical basis of ecological ethics and the elementary classification. Further, the development of ecological ethics in the Czech phylosophical thinking is presented. In the main part, the author always explores two selected ideas of Czech professionals - Erazim Kohák, Josef Šmajs, Hana Librová, Petr Jemelka and Jan Patočka. The conclusion of the thesis is that although all the authors come from various conceptions, their results are more or less corresponding. It is fundamental to accept a personal responsibility and not to long for power and profit. It is imporant to indicate and become aware of ecological crisis and start to solve it on our own at first (e. g. by voluntary modesty and awareness that we leave a legacy for further generations). We do not need to live...
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The natural world by Husserl and Patočka
ANDERSOVÁ, Adéla
The aim of this work is to introduce a problem of natural world by Edmund Husserl and Jan Patočka. This work introduces phenomenological philosophy in short as a distinctive philosophical field with its specific method. In particular passages, the work deals with Edmund Husserl first as he is the founder of this philosophy and a discoverer of "natural world". Further, it introduces more elaborate structures of "natural world" by Patočka with his own notion.
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Home as the topic of Czech philosophical work 20th and 21st century.
PŘEVRÁTILOVÁ, Pavlína
The diplom a thesis deals with home and its concepts in philosophical works. The aim was to grasp and describe home as a philosophical category, using the ideas and theories that we found in the Czech philosophical texts that came out during the 20th and 21st centuries. Through these available information, we have attempted to unify and create a more coherent, interconnected theory, in which we divided home intoseveral basic chapters that are absolutely decisive and decisive for the concept and understanding of home, both past and present.
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Scientific Realism and the Natural World
Joseph, Jacques ; Palkoska, Jan (advisor) ; Kolman, Vojtěch (referee)
Jacques Joseph Scientific Realism and the Natural World M.A. thesis Abstract The main topic of this work is the relation between the natural world and the world of the natural sciences, and furthermore the relation of both these worlds to our conception of an external reality "as it really is". The core of the work is rooted mainly in the Anglo-American analytical philosophy of science, namely the debate concerning scientific realism, with a section dedicated to Husserl's conception of the relation between the natural world and natural sciences (as described in his Krisis). The goal of this work is to show scientific realism as broken beyond repair, and to then offer an alternative. The problems that plague realism run deep into its roots, many of which it shares with its opponents, the new alternative theory therefore needs to be completely different. This work suggests the "Natural ontological attitude" (NOA) presented by Arthur Fine, a theory that tries to salvage the intuitions that made realism seem so attractive. NOA is then developped, using texts by W. V. O. Quine and D. Davidson, as a minimalistic metaphysics based strongly on language that still manages to provide a relation to an extra-linguistic reality.
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